Demetrius
“Belonging to Demeter”
Summary
A common Greek name borne by several historical figures, most notably the Ephesian silversmith who incited a riot against Paul, and a Christian commended by the apostle John.
☩The Silversmith of Ephesus
Demetrius was a manufacturer of silver shrines of the goddess Artemis (Diana) at Ephesus. These portable models of the famous temple were purchased by pilgrims as religious mementos and protective charms. When Paul's preaching reduced devotion to the goddess and demand for such offerings declined, Demetrius called a meeting of his guild, combining religious indignation with economic self-interest. His speech sparked a riot that filled the great theater with crowds shouting 'Great is Diana of the Ephesians.'
☩The Christian Commended by John
A second Demetrius is mentioned with high commendation in John's third epistle as one 'having good report of all men, and of the truth itself.' His exemplary conduct contrasts sharply with the ambitious Diotrephes mentioned in the same letter. Some have speculated this might be the silversmith converted by Paul's ministry, though this cannot be demonstrated.
☩Syrian Kings
The name was also borne by several Seleucid kings of Syria who appear in the Maccabean history. Demetrius I Soter, the 'Savior,' gained the throne in 162 B.C. and supported the Hellenizing party in Jerusalem. His general Nicanor was defeated by Judas Maccabeus. Demetrius II Nicator, the 'Conqueror,' later struggled with pretenders and was captured by the Parthians. These Syrian rulers provide background for the Maccabean period and its conflicts.
References
- 1.John McClintock and James Strong, "Demetrius," in Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature, vol. II (Harper & Brothers, 1867–1887).
- 2.F. N. Peloubet & M. A. Peloubet (ed.), "Demetrius," in Smith's Bible Dictionary (Porter & Coates, 1884).
- 3.James Hastings (ed.), "Demetrius," in Dictionary of the Apostolic Church, vol. I (T. & T. Clark, 1915–1918).
- 4.Andrew Robert Fausset, "Demetrius," in The Englishman's Critical and Expository Bible Cyclopædia (Hodder & Stoughton, 1878).