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Supererogation

/soo-per-er-oh-GAY-shun/

Summary

The doctrine that one can do more good works than duty requires, thereby accumulating extra merit—rejected by Protestant theology.

☩The Doctrine

Roman Catholic theology distinguishes between obligatory commandments and voluntary 'counsels of perfection' (such as vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience). By undertaking the latter, one supposedly gains surplus merit (opus supererogationis)—doing more than strictly required. This surplus could benefit others through the treasury of merit administered by the Church.

Key verses:Ezekiel 33:12-13Luke 17:10

☩Protestant Response

Protestantism rejects this doctrine as contrary to Scripture. Jesus taught: 'When ye shall have done all those things which are commanded you, say, We are unprofitable servants: we have done that which was our duty to do.' The moral law is indivisible; in each circumstance one is called to do that which is absolutely good. No one can exceed what God requires.

Key verses:Luke 17:10Mark 14:8Philippians 2:8

References

  1. 1.John McClintock and James Strong, "Supererogation," in Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature, vol. X (Harper & Brothers, 1867–1887).
  2. 2.John McClintock and James Strong, "Supererogation," in Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature, vol. X (Harper & Brothers, 1867–1887).
  3. 3.John McClintock and James Strong, "Supererogation," in Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature, vol. X (Harper & Brothers, 1867–1887).
  4. 4.John McClintock and James Strong, "Supererogation," in Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature, vol. X (Harper & Brothers, 1867–1887).